Anal fissures are small tears in the lining of the anus. They can cause a great deal of discomfort and pain, and can be difficult to get rid of. Fortunately, there are a few different treatments that can help relieve symptoms and heal the fissure. In this article, we’ll discuss the various ways to treat anal fissures and how to manage them to reduce pain and discomfort.
What Causes Anal Fissures?
Anal fissures are often caused by constipation or diarrhea, as these can lead to hard or large stools that can tear the delicate lining of the anus. Other common causes include childbirth, repetitive straining during bowel movements, and inflammation from Crohn’s disease or other intestinal disorders.
How to Treat Anal Fissures
The primary goal of treatment for anal fissures is to reduce pain and irritation and promote healing. There are several methods to do this, including medication, diet and lifestyle changes, and surgery. Let’s take a look at each of these in more detail.
Medication
Your doctor may prescribe topical or oral medications to help reduce inflammation and discomfort. Topical medications, such as hydrocortisone, can help reduce irritation and itching. Analgesics, such as ibuprofen, can help reduce pain. In some cases, your doctor may also prescribe an ointment or cream to help keep the area moisturized and reduce further irritation.
Diet and Lifestyle Changes
Making dietary and lifestyle changes can also help reduce pain and discomfort from anal fissures. Eating a high-fiber diet and drinking plenty of fluids can help reduce constipation, which can cause or worsen anal fissures. Increasing your physical activity can also help reduce constipation and improve overall health. Additionally, avoiding straining during bowel movements and using a stool softener can help reduce irritation and pain.
Surgery
In some cases, surgery may be necessary to treat anal fissures. Surgery is typically reserved for cases that are not responding to other treatments. The most common type of surgery is called a lateral internal sphincterotomy, in which the muscle that surrounds the anus is cut to reduce spasm and allow the fissure to heal. Surgery is typically done under general anesthesia, and recovery time typically takes several weeks.
How to Prevent Anal Fissures
The best way to prevent anal fissures is to practice good bowel habits. This includes eating a high-fiber diet, drinking plenty of fluids, and getting regular exercise. Additionally, it’s important to avoid straining during bowel movements and use a stool softener if needed. If you have a history of anal fissures, it may be beneficial to use a lubricant during bowel movements to reduce irritation.
Conclusion
Anal fissures can be a painful and uncomfortable condition, but there are several treatments available to help reduce pain and promote healing. Medication, diet and lifestyle changes, and surgery are all options to consider. It’s also important to practice good bowel habits to reduce the risk of developing anal fissures in the first place. If you are experiencing symptoms of anal fissures, be sure to talk to your doctor to determine the best treatment option for you.